Inhalt des Dokuments
Specific Research Fields
- Quantumness of Correlations, Maxwell's Demon, Weak Measurement
- Entanglement, Decoherence, and Attosecond Dynamics in Molecules and Condensed Matter
- Correlation Effects in Biomolecules (DNA)
- Resonant (Metastable) States and Complex Spectral Representations
Quantumness of Correlations, Maxwell's Demon, Weak Measurement
"Weak Measurement and Two-State-Vector
Formalism: Deficit of Momentum Transfer in Scattering
Processes"
C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
QUANTA 2016, 5, 61-84
DOI: 10.12743/quanta.v5i1.48 [1]
Abstract: The notions of weak measurement, weak value, and two-state-vector formalism provide a new quantum-theoretical frame for extracting additional information from a system in the limit of small disturbances to its state. Here, we provide an application to the case of two-body scattering with one body weakly interacting with an environment. The direct connection to real scattering experiments is pointed out by making contact with the field of impulsive incoherent neutron scattering from molecules and condensed systems. In particular, we predict a new quantum effect in neutron-atom collisions, namely an observable momentum transfer deficit; or equivalently, a reduction of effective mass below that of the free scattering atom. Two corroborative experimental findings are shortly presented. Implications for current and further experiments are mentioned. An interpretation of this effect and the associated experimental results within conventional theory is currently unavailable.
[2]- © C.A.Dreismann
"Quantumness of Correlations and Maxwell’s
Demon in Molecular Excitations Created by Neutron Scattering"
C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
International Journal of
Quantum Chemistry 2015, 115, 909–929
DOI: 10.1002/qua.24935 [3]
Abstract: Nonclassical correlations known as
entanglement, quantum discord, quantum deficit, measurement-induced
disturbance, quantum Maxwell’s demon, etc., may provide novel
insights into quantum-information processing, quantumthermodynamics
processes, open-system dynamics, quantum molecular dynamics, and
general quantum chemistry. We study a new effect of quantumness of
correlations accompanying collision of two distinguishable quantum
systems A and B, the latter being part of a larger (interacting)
system B+D. In contrast to the common assumption of a classical
environment or “demon” D, the quantum case exhibits striking new
qualitative features. Here, in the context of incoherent inelastic
neutron scattering from H-atoms which create molecular excitations
(vibration, rotation, translation), we report theoretical and
experimental evidence of a new phenomenon: a considerably reduced
effective mass of H, or equivalently, an anomalous momentum-transfer
deficit in the neutron-H collision. These findings contradict
conventional theoretical expectations even qualitatively, but find a
straightforward interpretation in the new theoretical frame under
consideration.
© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Entanglement, Decoherence, and Attosecond Dynamics in Molecules and Condensed Matter
"Indications of energetic consequences of
decoherence at short times for scattering from open quantum
systems"
C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, E. MacA.
Gray, and T. P. Blach
AIP Advances 1, 022118
(2011).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3595401 [4]
Abstract: Decoherence of quantum entangled
particles is observed in most systems, and is usually caused by
system-environment interactions. Disentangling two subsystems A and B
of a quantum system AB is tantamount to erasure of quantum phase
relations between A and B. It is widely believed that this erasure is
an innocuous process, which e.g. does not affect the energies of A and
B. Surprisingly, recent theoretical investigations by different groups
showed that disentangling two systems, i.e. their decoherence, can
cause an increase of their energies. Applying this result to the
context of neutron Compton scattering from H2 molecules, we provide
for the first time experimental evidence which supports this
prediction. The results reveal that the neutron-proton collision
leading to the cleavage of the H-H bond in the sub-femtosecond
timescale is accompanied by larger energy transfer (by about 3%) than
conventional theory predicts. It is proposed to interpreted the
results by considering the neutron-proton collisional system as an
entangled open quantum system being subject to decoherence owing to
the interactions with the "environment" (i.e., two electrons
plus second proton of H2).
"Anomalous Quasielastic Electron Scattering from Single
H2, D2 and HD Molecules at Large MomentumTransfer: Indications of
Nuclear Spin Effects"
G. Cooper, A. P. Hitchcock, and
C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
Physical Review Letters
100, 043204 (2008).
Abstract: Quasielectron electron scattering from gaseous H2, D2, a 50:50 mixture of H2 and D2, and HD is investigated with 2.25 keV impact energy and a momentum transfer ħq of 19.7 a.u. The energy transfer is less than the dissociation energy. The spectral positions of the H and D recoil peaks agree with Rutherford scattering theory. Surprisingly, in the spectrum of the 50:50 H2-D2 mixture, the integrated intensity of the H peak is 31% ± 4% lower (as compared to that of D) than predicted by Rutherford scattering, despite equal screening of nuclear charges by the electrons. In contrast, the ratio of scattering intensities from H and D in HD agrees with the predictions of Rutherford scattering. Comparison is made with neutron Compton scattering results from the same systems, but at higher energy transfers causing bond breaking. Possible theoretical explanations are outlined.
"Anomalous Neutron Compton Scattering from Molecular
Hydrogen"
C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, T.
Abdul-Redah, and M. Krzystyniak
Physical Review B
72, 054123 (2005).
"Comparison of Electron and Neutron Compton Scattering
from Entangled Protons in a Solid Polymer"
C. A.
Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, M. Vos, C. Kleiner, and T. Abdul-Redah,
Physical Review Letters 91, 057403 (2003).
- [5]
- © C.A.Dreismann
Some related Science Highlights :
"A Water Molecule's Chemical Formula is Really Not
H2O"
American Institute of Physics, The
AIP Bulletin of Physics News, Physics New Update No.
648, 31 July 2003:
http://www.aip.org/enews/physnews/2003/split/648-1.html [6]
"H2O a misnomer?"
American
Physical Society: Physics Tips Sheets 36, No 6, 30
July 2003
http://www.aps.org/media/tips/tips36.html [7]
"Entangled Protons in a Solid Polymer"
Physics Today, September 2003, p.9, section Physics Update,
Entangled Protons in a Solid Polymer. In condensed matter systems,
adjacent nuclei and their nearby electrons can all, in principle, be
in a state of quantum entanglement, but the decoherence time would be
exceedingly short--in the subfemtosecond realm. Still, the effect
could be observable, according to Aris Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
(Technical University Berlin), because the time scale is roughly the
same as the interaction time for Compton scattering. Several years
ago, he performed neutron Compton scattering off water molecules and
saw an anomalous shortfall of scattering from protons, which he
attributed to short-lived nuclear entanglement. Now, he and his
collaborators have Compton-scattered both neutrons and electrons off
protons in a polymer called formvar. The electron experiments, done at
the Australian National University in Canberra, showed precisely the
same shortfall as the neutron experiments, done at the ISIS neutron
spallation source in the UK. The similarity of the results is striking
because the two projectiles interact with protons via fundamentally
different forces--electromagnetic and strong. (C. A. Chatzidimitriou-
Dreismann et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 057403, 2003.)
--BPS
"Missing: One-Quarter Hydrogen"
Scientific American, October 2003, p. 20, section News Scan
"Wasser ist nicht H2O - Berliner
Forscher machen Entdeckung bei Kurzzeitmessungen"
Der
Tagespiegel, "Forschen", Seite 38, 11. Dezember 2003
http://archiv.tagesspiegel.de/archiv/11.12.2003/883930.asp#art
"Das verschwundene halbe Wasserstoffatom -
TU-Wissenschaftler entdeckte Sensationelles in molekularer
Materie"
TU intern, Nr. 12, Dezember 2003
http://www.tu-berlin.de/presse/tui/03dez/atom.htm [8]
"Die Rätsel des Wassers - Chemiker stoßen auf
Ungereimtheiten beim Wasserstoff"
Deutschlandfunk,
Deutschlandradio, Forschung aktuell, 5. Januar 2004
Physik. -
Die chemische Formel H2O - Wasser - ist bekannt wie keine
zweite. Doch nach jüngsten Untersuchungen eines Berliner
Wissenschaftlers ist sie aber auch falsch. Vielmehr müsste sie
korrekt "H1,5O" lauten. Denn, so maß der
Forscher, ein Viertel aller enthaltenen Protonen verschwinden
schlicht. ......
http://www.dradio.de/dlf/sendungen/forschak/225064/ [9]
"Ein Atomkern verschwindet"
Frankfurter
Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung, "Wissenschaft", Seite 57, 27.
Juni 2004
Ultrakurze Aufnahmen lassen Moleküle merkwürdig
aussehen: Ein Teil ihrer Wasserstoffkerne ist plötzlich weg. Wasser
etwa ist nicht mehr H2O, sondern H1,5O. Was geht
da vor? ......
FAZ [10]
To top
Related Papers
"Anomalous Neutron
Compton Scattering Cross Sections in Niobium and Palladium
Hydrides"
E. B. Karlsson, T. Abdul-Redah, R. M. F.
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"Sub-Femtosecond Dynamics and Dissociation of C-H Bonds in
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C. A.
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Mayers
Journal of Chemical Physics 116,
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"Entanglement of Protons in Organic Molecules: An
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C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, T. Abdul-Redah, and B. Kolaric
Journal of the American Chemical Society 123,
11945-11951 (2001)
"Sub-Femtosecond Dynamics and Dissociation of C-H Bonds in
the Condensed Phase: Effects of Entangled Protonic States"
C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, T. Abdul-Redah, and J.
Sperling
Journal of Chemical Physics
113, 2784-2792 (2000)
"Comment on: Precision Neutron Interferometric Search for
Evidence of Nuclear Quantum Entanglement in Liquid
H2O-D2O Mixtures "
C. A.
Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, T. Abdul-Redah, R. M. F. Streffer, and B.
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Physical Review Letters 84, 2036
(2000)
"First Observation of Molecular Vibrational Excitations of
Water with Inelastic X-Ray Scattering "
C.
Halcoussis, T. Abdul-Redah, H. Naumann, G. Monaco, and C. A.
Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
ESRF Newsletter 34,
17-18 (October 2000)
"Anomalous Neutron Compton Scattering in Nb-Hydride:
Indications of Proton Correlations "
E. B. Karlsson,
C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, T. Abdul-Redah, R. M. F. Streffer, B.
Hjörvarsson, J. Öhrmalm, and J. Mayers
Europhysics
Letters 46, 617-623 (1999)
"Anomalous Deep Inelastic Neutron Scattering from Liquid
H2O-D2O: Evidence of Nuclear Quantum
Entanglement "
C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, T.
Abdul-Redah, R. M. F. Streffer, and J. Mayers
Physical Review
Letters 79, 2839-2842 (1997)
"Proton Nonlocality and Decoherence in Condensed Matter -
Predictions and Experimental Results"
C. A.
Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
Advances in Chemical
Physics 99, 393-430 (1997)
"Anomalous Neutron and Raman Scattering due to EPR
Correlated Protons in Liquid water"
C. A.
Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann and J. Mayers
Physica B
226, 231-233 (1996)
"Experimental Evidence for Nonclassic Fourth-Order
Interference in the Quasielastic Light Scattering of Water."
U. K. Krieger, F. Aurich, and C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
Physical Review A 52, R1827-R1830 (1995)
"Evidence of Quantum Correlation Effects of Protons and
Deuterons in the Raman Spektra of Liquid
H2O-D2O."
C. A.
Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, U. K. Krieger, A. Möller, and M. Stern
Physical Review Letters 75, 3008-3011 (1995)
"Anomalous H+ and
OH- Conductance in
H2O-D2O Mixtures"
H.
Weingärtner and C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
Nature
346, 548-550 (1990).
To top
Correlation Effects in Biomolecules (DNA)
"Hidden Messages in DNA?"
D. Larhammar and C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
Sceptical
Inquirer 23, (No. 2), 42-43 (1999)
"Lack of Biological Significance in the 'Linguistic
Features' of Noncoding DNA - A Quantitative Analysis."
C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, R. M. F. Streffer, and D.
Larhammar
Nucleic Acids Research 24,
1676-1681 (1996)
"Quantitative Test of Long-Rang Correlations and
Compositional Fluctuations in DNA Sequences."
C. A.
Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, R. M. F. Streffer, and D. Larhammar
European Journal of Biochemistry 224, 365-371
(1994)
"Variations in Base Pair Composition and Associated
Long-Range Correlations in DNA Sequences - Computer Simulation
Results."
C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann, R. M. F.
Streffer, and D. Larhammar
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta
1217, 181-187 (1994)
"Biological Origins of Long-Range Correlations and
Compositional Variations in DNA."
D. Larhammar and C.
A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
Nucleic Acids
Research 21, 5167-5170 (1993)
"Long-Range Correlations in DNA."
C. A.
Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann and D. Larhammar
Nature
361, 212-213 (1993)
Resonant (Metastable) States and Complex Spectral Representations
"General Properties of the Spectrum of Complex Scaled Hamiltonians: The Transition to Two Dimensions."
H. Lehr and C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
Physical Review
A 52, 2935-2942 (1995)
"General Properties of the Spectrum of Complex Scaled
Hamiltonians: Detachment Point and Localization Threshold."
H. Lehr and C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann
Physical
Review A 51, 3005-3016 (1995)
"General Properties of the Spectrum of Complex Scaled Hamiltonians: Phenomenological Description of Pole String Curves." H. Lehr and C. A. Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann Physical Review A 50, 2347-2365 (1994)
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